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<title>K3s HA для homelab: Ставим K3s HA кластер · Олег Казанин</title>
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K3s HA для homelab: Ставим K3s HA кластер
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<time datetime="2025-11-02T00:00:00+00:00">2 ноября 2025</time><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span title="Время чтения">10 минут</span><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span>
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|
||
</span></span></a
|
||
>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a
|
||
class="px-1 hover:text-primary-700 dark:hover:text-primary-400"
|
||
href="https://git.jn4.ru/astronit"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
aria-label="Gitea"
|
||
title="Gitea"
|
||
rel="me noopener noreferrer"
|
||
><span class="inline-block align-text-bottom"><span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xml:space="preserve" viewBox="5.67 143.05 628.65 387.55"><path fill="currentColor" d="M115.912 143.075c-6.462 0-13.762.525-22.012 2.325-8.7 1.8-33.5 7.4-53.8 26.9C-4.9 212.4 6.6 276.2 8 285.8c1.7 11.7 6.9 44.2 31.7 72.5 45.8 56.1 144.4 54.8 144.4 54.8s12.1 28.9 30.6 55.5c25 33.1 50.7 58.9 75.7 62 63 0 188.9-.1 188.9-.1s12 .1 28.3-10.3c14-8.5 26.5-23.4 26.5-23.4S547 483 565 451.5c5.5-9.7 10.1-19.1 14.1-28 0 0 55.2-117.1 55.2-231.1-1.1-34.5-9.6-40.6-11.6-42.6-4.1-4.1-9.6-4-9.6-4s-117.2 6.6-177.9 8c-13.267.3-26.433.597-39.5.697l.1 117.002s57.4 24.202 83.1 40.102c3.7 2.3 10.2 6.798 12.9 14.398 2.1 6.1 2 13.101-1 19.301l-61 126.9c-6.2 12.7-21.4 18.1-33.9 12l-126.9-61c-12.5-6-17.9-21.2-11.8-33.8l61-126.9c6-12.5 21.2-17.9 33.8-11.8a5290.322 5290.322 0 0 0 27 12.954c0-36.449-.1-109.053-.1-109.053-29 .4-89.2-2.201-89.2-2.201s-141.4-7.1-156.8-8.5c-4.9-.3-10.525-.825-16.988-.825zm12.188 48.026s7.1 59.399 15.7 94.199c7.2 29.2 24.8 77.7 24.8 77.7s-26.1-3.1-43-9.1c-25.9-8.5-36.9-18.7-36.9-18.7S69.6 321.8 60 295.4c-16.5-44.2-1.4-71.2-1.4-71.2s8.4-22.5 38.5-30c13.8-3.7 31-3.1 31-3.1z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M326.8 380.1c-8.2.1-15.4 5.8-17.3 13.8-1.9 8 2 16.3 9.1 20 7.7 4 17.5 1.8 22.7-5.4 5.1-7.1 4.3-16.9-1.8-23.1l24-49.1c1.5.1 3.7.2 6.2-.5 4.1-.9 7.1-3.6 7.1-3.6 4.2 1.8 8.6 3.8 13.2 6.1 4.8 2.4 9.3 4.9 13.4 7.3.9.5 1.8 1.1 2.8 1.9 1.6 1.3 3.4 3.1 4.7 5.5 1.9 5.5-1.9 14.9-1.9 14.9-2.3 7.6-18.4 40.6-18.4 40.6-8.1-.2-15.3 5-17.7 12.5-2.6 8.1 1.1 17.3 8.9 21.3 7.8 4 17.4 1.7 22.5-5.3 5-6.8 4.6-16.3-1.1-22.6 1.9-3.7 3.7-7.4 5.6-11.3 5-10.4 13.5-30.4 13.5-30.4.9-1.7 5.7-10.3 2.7-21.3-2.5-11.4-12.6-16.7-12.6-16.7-12.2-7.9-29.2-15.2-29.2-15.2s0-4.1-1.1-7.1c-1.1-3.1-2.8-5.1-3.9-6.3 4.7-9.7 9.4-19.3 14.1-29-4.1-2-8.1-4-12.2-6.1-4.8 9.8-9.7 19.7-14.5 29.5-6.7-.1-12.9 3.5-16.1 9.4-3.4 6.3-2.7 14.1 1.9 19.8l-24.6 50.4z"/></svg></span></span></a
|
||
>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a
|
||
class="px-1 hover:text-primary-700 dark:hover:text-primary-400"
|
||
href="https://obrtv.ru/a/chiefengineer"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
aria-label="Peertube"
|
||
title="Peertube"
|
||
rel="me noopener noreferrer"
|
||
><span class="inline-block align-text-bottom"><span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 365 486.53"><path fill="currentColor" d="M0,243.26V0l182.5,121.63L0,243.26Z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M0,486.53v-243.26l182.5,121.63L0,486.53Z"/><path fill="currentColor" d="M182.5,364.9V121.63l182.5,121.63-182.5,121.63Z"/></svg></span></span></a
|
||
>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="mb-5"></div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section class="flex flex-col max-w-full mt-0 prose dark:prose-invert lg:flex-row">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="order-first lg:ms-auto px-0 lg:order-last lg:ps-8 lg:max-w-2xs">
|
||
<div class="toc ps-5 print:hidden lg:sticky lg:top-[140px]">
|
||
<details
|
||
open
|
||
id="TOCView"
|
||
class="toc-right mt-0 overflow-y-auto overscroll-contain bf-scrollbar rounded-lg -ms-5 ps-5 pe-2 hidden lg:block">
|
||
<summary
|
||
class="block py-1 text-lg font-semibold cursor-pointer bg-neutral-100 text-neutral-800 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:bg-neutral-700 dark:text-neutral-100 lg:hidden">
|
||
Оглавление
|
||
</summary>
|
||
<div
|
||
class="min-w-[220px] py-2 border-dotted border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
<nav id="TableOfContents">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#для-кого-это">Для кого это</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#что-понадобится">Что понадобится</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-1-сгенерировать-token">Шаг 1: Сгенерировать token</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-2-установить-k3s-на-первую-master-ноду">Шаг 2: Установить K3s на первую master ноду</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#проверка">Проверка</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#checkpoint-первая-master-работает">Checkpoint: Первая master работает</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-3-добавить-вторую-master-ноду">Шаг 3: Добавить вторую master ноду</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#проверка-1">Проверка</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-4-добавить-третью-master-ноду">Шаг 4: Добавить третью master ноду</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#checkpoint-control-plane-ha-готов">Checkpoint: Control Plane HA готов</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#тест-отказоустойчивости-опционально">Тест отказоустойчивости (опционально)</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-5-добавить-worker-ноды">Шаг 5: Добавить worker ноды</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#51-установить-k3s-agent-на-worker-1">5.1. Установить K3s agent на worker-1</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#52-установить-k3s-agent-на-worker-2">5.2. Установить K3s agent на worker-2</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#checkpoint-все-ноды-в-кластере">Checkpoint: Все ноды в кластере</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-6-настроить-kubectl-на-локальной-машине">Шаг 6: Настроить kubectl на локальной машине</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#61-скопировать-kubeconfig">6.1. Скопировать kubeconfig</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#62-установить-kubectl-если-нет">6.2. Установить kubectl (если нет)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#63-проверить-подключение">6.3. Проверить подключение</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#64-настроить-автодополнение-опционально">6.4. Настроить автодополнение (опционально)</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#финальная-проверка">Финальная проверка</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#тестовый-деплой">Тестовый деплой</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#нода-не-присоединяется-к-кластеру">Нода не присоединяется к кластеру</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#etcd-не-формирует-кворум">etcd не формирует кворум</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#поды-не-запускаются-на-workers">Поды не запускаются на workers</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#откат-удаление-k3s">Откат: удаление K3s</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#итог">Итог</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#что-дальше">Что дальше</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</details>
|
||
<details class="toc-inside mt-0 overflow-hidden rounded-lg -ms-5 ps-5 lg:hidden">
|
||
<summary
|
||
class="py-1 text-lg font-semibold cursor-pointer bg-neutral-100 text-neutral-800 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:bg-neutral-700 dark:text-neutral-100 lg:hidden">
|
||
Оглавление
|
||
</summary>
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-2 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
<nav id="TableOfContents">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#для-кого-это">Для кого это</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#что-понадобится">Что понадобится</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-1-сгенерировать-token">Шаг 1: Сгенерировать token</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-2-установить-k3s-на-первую-master-ноду">Шаг 2: Установить K3s на первую master ноду</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#проверка">Проверка</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#checkpoint-первая-master-работает">Checkpoint: Первая master работает</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-3-добавить-вторую-master-ноду">Шаг 3: Добавить вторую master ноду</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#проверка-1">Проверка</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-4-добавить-третью-master-ноду">Шаг 4: Добавить третью master ноду</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#checkpoint-control-plane-ha-готов">Checkpoint: Control Plane HA готов</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#тест-отказоустойчивости-опционально">Тест отказоустойчивости (опционально)</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-5-добавить-worker-ноды">Шаг 5: Добавить worker ноды</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#51-установить-k3s-agent-на-worker-1">5.1. Установить K3s agent на worker-1</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#52-установить-k3s-agent-на-worker-2">5.2. Установить K3s agent на worker-2</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#checkpoint-все-ноды-в-кластере">Checkpoint: Все ноды в кластере</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#шаг-6-настроить-kubectl-на-локальной-машине">Шаг 6: Настроить kubectl на локальной машине</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#61-скопировать-kubeconfig">6.1. Скопировать kubeconfig</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#62-установить-kubectl-если-нет">6.2. Установить kubectl (если нет)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#63-проверить-подключение">6.3. Проверить подключение</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#64-настроить-автодополнение-опционально">6.4. Настроить автодополнение (опционально)</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#финальная-проверка">Финальная проверка</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#тестовый-деплой">Тестовый деплой</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="#нода-не-присоединяется-к-кластеру">Нода не присоединяется к кластеру</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#etcd-не-формирует-кворум">etcd не формирует кворум</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#поды-не-запускаются-на-workers">Поды не запускаются на workers</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a href="#откат-удаление-k3s">Откат: удаление K3s</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#итог">Итог</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="#что-дальше">Что дальше</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="min-w-0 min-h-0 max-w-fit">
|
||
|
||
<details
|
||
class="mt-2 mb-5 overflow-hidden rounded-lg ms-0 ps-5"
|
||
open>
|
||
|
||
<summary
|
||
class="py-1 text-lg font-semibold cursor-pointer bg-primary-200 text-neutral-800 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:bg-primary-800 dark:text-neutral-100">
|
||
K3s HA кластер для homelab -
|
||
Эта статья — часть серии.
|
||
</summary>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-1 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
<a href="/posts/k3s-part1-architecture/">
|
||
Часть 1:
|
||
K3s HA для homelab: архитектура без боли
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-1 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
<a href="/posts/k3s-part2-infrastructure/">
|
||
Часть 2:
|
||
K3s HA для homelab: Готовим инфраструктуру в Proxmox
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-1 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
Часть 3:
|
||
Ты уже здесь
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="article-content max-w-prose mb-20">
|
||
<p>Инфраструктура готова: 5 VM работают, ОС настроена, порты открыты. Пора устанавливать K3s. Один curl-скрипт на каждую ноду - и через 15 минут у вас работающий HA-кластер.</p>
|
||
<p>Звучит слишком просто? Потому что сложная часть уже позади - в предыдущих статьях. Теперь осталось не перепутать флаги и порядок установки.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Результат:</strong> 5 нод в статусе Ready, etcd кластер 3/3 healthy, kubectl работает с локальной машины.</p>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Для кого это
|
||
<div id="для-кого-это" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%b4%d0%bb%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%be-%d1%8d%d1%82%d0%be" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p><strong>Подходит:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Прошёл статьи 1 и 2 (или имеешь готовые VM с настроенной ОС)</li>
|
||
<li>Все 5 нод доступны по SSH</li>
|
||
<li>Понимаешь разницу между master и worker</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Не подходит:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>VM ещё не созданы → статья 2</li>
|
||
<li>Не понимаешь зачем 3 master ноды → статья 1</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Что понадобится
|
||
<div id="что-понадобится" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%81%d1%8f" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>Компонент</th>
|
||
<th>Значение</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>K3s версия</td>
|
||
<td>v1.31.4+k3s1 (или актуальная stable)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Token</td>
|
||
<td>Сгенерируем на первом шаге</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>SSH доступ</td>
|
||
<td>Ко всем 5 нодам</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Время</td>
|
||
<td>~15-20 минут</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Шаг 1: Сгенерировать token
|
||
<div id="шаг-1-сгенерировать-token" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3-1-%d1%81%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-token" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Token - общий секрет для всех нод кластера. Без правильного token нода не присоединится.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>На локальной машине:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Сгенерировать случайный token</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">openssl rand -base64 <span class="m">32</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Пример вывода:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">K10f8c9a7b6e5d4c3b2a1f0e9d8c7b6a5e4d3c2b1a0f9e8d7c6b5a4==</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Сохрани этот token</strong> - он понадобится для каждой ноды. Положи в менеджер паролей или временный файл.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Для удобства - сохранить в переменную (на время сессии)</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">K3S_TOKEN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"твой_сгенерированный_token"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="nv">$K3S_TOKEN</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Шаг 2: Установить K3s на первую master ноду
|
||
<div id="шаг-2-установить-k3s-на-первую-master-ноду" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3-2-%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-k3s-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d1%83%d1%8e-master-%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%83" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Первая нода инициализирует etcd кластер. Она особенная - использует флаг <code>--cluster-init</code>.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>SSH на k3s-master-1:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.201</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Установка:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Задать переменные</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">K3S_TOKEN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"твой_сгенерированный_token"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">INSTALL_K3S_VERSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"v1.31.4+k3s1"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Установить K3s</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io <span class="p">|</span> sh -s - server <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --cluster-init <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --tls-san<span class="o">=</span>192.168.11.201 <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --disable<span class="o">=</span>traefik <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --disable<span class="o">=</span>servicelb <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --write-kubeconfig-mode<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">644</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Разбор флагов:</strong></p>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>Флаг</th>
|
||
<th>Зачем</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>server</code></td>
|
||
<td>Режим control plane (не agent)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>--cluster-init</code></td>
|
||
<td><strong>Ключевой!</strong> Инициализирует etcd. Только на первой ноде</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>--tls-san=192.168.11.201</code></td>
|
||
<td>Добавить IP в сертификат API server</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>--disable=traefik</code></td>
|
||
<td>Отключить встроенный Traefik (установим свой через Helm)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>--disable=servicelb</code></td>
|
||
<td>Отключить встроенный LB (установим MetalLB)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>--write-kubeconfig-mode=644</code></td>
|
||
<td>Разрешить чтение kubeconfig без sudo</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<p><strong>Установка займёт 1-2 минуты.</strong> K3s скачает бинарник (~50MB) и запустит все компоненты.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Проверка
|
||
<div id="проверка" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b0" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 1. Статус сервиса</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo systemctl status k3s</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">● k3s.service - Lightweight Kubernetes
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> Loaded: loaded
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> Active: active (running) since ...</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 2. Статус ноды</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl get nodes</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-1 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 45s v1.31.4+k3s1</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<!-- СКРИНШОТ: Терминал с выводом `sudo k3s kubectl get nodes` - одна нода в статусе Ready -->
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Checkpoint: Первая master работает
|
||
<div id="checkpoint-первая-master-работает" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#checkpoint-%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%8f-master-%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b5%d1%82" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Быстрая проверка</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo systemctl is-active k3s <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl get nodes <span class="p">|</span> grep -q <span class="s2">"Ready"</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓ Master-1 готов"</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✗ Проблема"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Если статус NotReady или сервис не запустился:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Смотреть логи</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo journalctl -u k3s -f --no-pager <span class="p">|</span> tail -50</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>Ошибка в логах</th>
|
||
<th>Причина</th>
|
||
<th>Решение</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>cgroup v1 is not supported</code></td>
|
||
<td>Нужен cgroup v2</td>
|
||
<td>Вернись к статье 2, шаг 6.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>port 6443 already in use</code></td>
|
||
<td>Что-то занимает порт</td>
|
||
<td><code>sudo ss -tlnp | grep 6443</code></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>etcd failed to start</code></td>
|
||
<td>Мало места на диске</td>
|
||
<td><code>df -h</code>, увеличь диск</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Шаг 3: Добавить вторую master ноду
|
||
<div id="шаг-3-добавить-вторую-master-ноду" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3-3-%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%b2%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d1%83%d1%8e-master-%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%83" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Теперь присоединяем вторую master. Она подключается к существующему кластеру - <strong>без</strong> <code>--cluster-init</code>.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>SSH на k3s-master-2:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.202</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Установка:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">K3S_TOKEN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"твой_сгенерированный_token"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">INSTALL_K3S_VERSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"v1.31.4+k3s1"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io <span class="p">|</span> sh -s - server <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --server<span class="o">=</span>https://192.168.11.201:6443 <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --tls-san<span class="o">=</span>192.168.11.202 <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --disable<span class="o">=</span>traefik <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --disable<span class="o">=</span>servicelb <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --write-kubeconfig-mode<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">644</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ключевое отличие:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>❌ Нет <code>--cluster-init</code> - кластер уже инициализирован</li>
|
||
<li>✅ Есть <code>--server=https://192.168.11.201:6443</code> - адрес существующего кластера</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Проверка
|
||
<div id="проверка-1" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b0-1" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># На master-2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl get nodes</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-1 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 3m v1.31.4+k3s1
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-2 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 30s v1.31.4+k3s1</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p>Две ноды - но кворума ещё нет. etcd требует большинство, а 2 из 3 - это ещё не “большинство от трёх”.</p>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Шаг 4: Добавить третью master ноду
|
||
<div id="шаг-4-добавить-третью-master-ноду" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3-4-%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%8c%d1%8e-master-%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%83" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p><strong>SSH на k3s-master-3:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.203</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Установка (аналогично master-2):</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">K3S_TOKEN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"твой_сгенерированный_token"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">INSTALL_K3S_VERSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"v1.31.4+k3s1"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io <span class="p">|</span> sh -s - server <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --server<span class="o">=</span>https://192.168.11.201:6443 <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --tls-san<span class="o">=</span>192.168.11.203 <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --disable<span class="o">=</span>traefik <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --disable<span class="o">=</span>servicelb <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --write-kubeconfig-mode<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">644</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Checkpoint: Control Plane HA готов
|
||
<div id="checkpoint-control-plane-ha-готов" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#checkpoint-control-plane-ha-%d0%b3%d0%be%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>На любой master ноде:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 1. Все 3 master ноды Ready</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl get nodes</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-1 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 5m v1.31.4+k3s1
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-2 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 3m v1.31.4+k3s1
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-3 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 1m v1.31.4+k3s1</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 2. etcd кластер здоров</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl <span class="nb">exec</span> -n kube-system <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">$(</span>sudo k3s kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l <span class="nv">component</span><span class="o">=</span>etcd -o name <span class="p">|</span> head -1<span class="k">)</span> <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> -- etcdctl endpoint health --cluster</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">https://192.168.11.201:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 2.1ms
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">https://192.168.11.202:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 1.8ms
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">https://192.168.11.203:2379 is healthy: successfully committed proposal: took = 2.3ms</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<!-- СКРИНШОТ: Терминал с выводом etcdctl endpoint health - все 3 endpoint healthy -->
|
||
<p><strong>Теперь у вас настоящий HA.</strong> Можете остановить любую master ноду - кластер продолжит работать.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Тест отказоустойчивости (опционально)
|
||
<div id="тест-отказоустойчивости-опционально" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%b7%d0%be%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b9%d1%87%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8-%d0%be%d0%bf%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%be" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p>Хотите убедиться, что HA работает? Проверьте:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># С локальной машины - остановить master-2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.202 <span class="s2">"sudo systemctl stop k3s"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Подождать 30-40 секунд, затем на master-1:</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.201 <span class="s2">"sudo k3s kubectl get nodes"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># master-2 станет NotReady, но кластер работает</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Проверить etcd - 2/3 кворум есть</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.201 <span class="s2">"sudo k3s kubectl exec -n kube-system \
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> \$(sudo k3s kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l component=etcd -o name | head -1) \
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="s2"> -- etcdctl endpoint health --cluster"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 2 из 3 healthy - кворум есть</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Вернуть master-2</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.202 <span class="s2">"sudo systemctl start k3s"</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Шаг 5: Добавить worker ноды
|
||
<div id="шаг-5-добавить-worker-ноды" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3-5-%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-worker-%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Worker ноды устанавливаются как <strong>agent</strong> - они не участвуют в etcd и не запускают control plane.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">5.1. Установить K3s agent на worker-1
|
||
<div id="51-установить-k3s-agent-на-worker-1" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#51-%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-k3s-agent-%d0%bd%d0%b0-worker-1" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>SSH на k3s-worker-1:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.210</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Установка:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">K3S_TOKEN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"твой_сгенерированный_token"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">INSTALL_K3S_VERSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"v1.31.4+k3s1"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io <span class="p">|</span> sh -s - agent <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --server<span class="o">=</span>https://192.168.11.201:6443</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Отличия от master:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><code>agent</code> вместо <code>server</code> - режим worker</li>
|
||
<li>Нет флагов <code>--disable</code> и <code>--tls-san</code> - они не нужны для worker</li>
|
||
<li>Только <code>--server</code> - куда подключаться</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">5.2. Установить K3s agent на worker-2
|
||
<div id="52-установить-k3s-agent-на-worker-2" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#52-%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-k3s-agent-%d0%bd%d0%b0-worker-2" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>SSH на k3s-worker-2:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">ssh k3s@192.168.11.211</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Установка:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">K3S_TOKEN</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"твой_сгенерированный_token"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">export</span> <span class="nv">INSTALL_K3S_VERSION</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"v1.31.4+k3s1"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">curl -sfL https://get.k3s.io <span class="p">|</span> sh -s - agent <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> --server<span class="o">=</span>https://192.168.11.201:6443</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Checkpoint: Все ноды в кластере
|
||
<div id="checkpoint-все-ноды-в-кластере" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#checkpoint-%d0%b2%d1%81%d0%b5-%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b-%d0%b2-%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b5" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>На любой master ноде:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl get nodes -o wide</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-1 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 10m v1.31.4+k3s1 192.168.11.201
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-2 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 8m v1.31.4+k3s1 192.168.11.202
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-master-3 Ready control-plane,etcd,master 6m v1.31.4+k3s1 192.168.11.203
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-worker-1 Ready <none> 2m v1.31.4+k3s1 192.168.11.210
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">k3s-worker-2 Ready <none> 1m v1.31.4+k3s1 192.168.11.211</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<!-- СКРИНШОТ: Терминал с выводом kubectl get nodes - все 5 нод Ready -->
|
||
<p><strong>Обрати внимание:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Master: роли <code>control-plane,etcd,master</code></li>
|
||
<li>Worker: роли <code><none></code> - только выполнение workloads</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<figure><img
|
||
class="my-0 rounded-md"
|
||
loading="lazy"
|
||
decoding="async"
|
||
fetchpriority="low"
|
||
alt="K3S HA Cluster"
|
||
src="/posts/k3s-part3-installation/mermaid-diagram.svg"
|
||
></figure>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Шаг 6: Настроить kubectl на локальной машине
|
||
<div id="шаг-6-настроить-kubectl-на-локальной-машине" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3-6-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-kubectl-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b9-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%88%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b5" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Сейчас kubectl работает только на master нодах через <code>sudo k3s kubectl</code>. Настроим доступ с вашей рабочей машины.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">6.1. Скопировать kubeconfig
|
||
<div id="61-скопировать-kubeconfig" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#61-%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%8c-kubeconfig" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>На локальной машине (не на ноде):</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 1. Создать директорию</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">mkdir -p ~/.kube
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 2. Скопировать конфиг с master-1</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">scp k3s@192.168.11.201:/etc/rancher/k3s/k3s.yaml ~/.kube/config
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 3. Заменить localhost на реальный IP</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sed -i <span class="s1">'s/127.0.0.1/192.168.11.201/g'</span> ~/.kube/config
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Для macOS:</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># sed -i '' 's/127.0.0.1/192.168.11.201/g' ~/.kube/config</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 4. Права доступа</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">chmod <span class="m">600</span> ~/.kube/config</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">6.2. Установить kubectl (если нет)
|
||
<div id="62-установить-kubectl-если-нет" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#62-%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-kubectl-%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%bb%d0%b8-%d0%bd%d0%b5%d1%82" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>Linux:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">curl -LO <span class="s2">"https://dl.k8s.io/release/</span><span class="k">$(</span>curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt<span class="k">)</span><span class="s2">/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo install -o root -g root -m <span class="m">0755</span> kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">rm kubectl</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>macOS:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">brew install kubectl</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">6.3. Проверить подключение
|
||
<div id="63-проверить-подключение" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#63-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%ba%d0%bb%d1%8e%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Версия</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl version
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Ноды</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get nodes
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Все поды</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get pods -A</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат <code>kubectl get pods -A</code>:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kube-system coredns-xxx 1/1 Running 0 10m
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kube-system local-path-provisioner-xxx 1/1 Running 0 10m
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kube-system metrics-server-xxx 1/1 Running 0 10m</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<!-- СКРИНШОТ: Терминал локальной машины с выводом kubectl get nodes и kubectl get pods -A -->
|
||
<p><strong>Если kubectl не подключается:</strong></p>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>Симптом</th>
|
||
<th>Причина</th>
|
||
<th>Решение</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>connection refused</code></td>
|
||
<td>k3s не запущен</td>
|
||
<td><code>ssh k3s@192.168.11.201 "sudo systemctl status k3s"</code></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>connection timeout</code></td>
|
||
<td>Firewall блокирует</td>
|
||
<td>Проверь UFW на master: <code>sudo ufw status | grep 6443</code></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td><code>certificate signed by unknown authority</code></td>
|
||
<td>Неправильный kubeconfig</td>
|
||
<td>Скопируй заново с master ноды</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">6.4. Настроить автодополнение (опционально)
|
||
<div id="64-настроить-автодополнение-опционально" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#64-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b8%d1%82%d1%8c-%d0%b0%d0%b2%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%be%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%be%d0%bf%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%be" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Bash</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'source <(kubectl completion bash)'</span> >> ~/.bashrc
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'alias k=kubectl'</span> >> ~/.bashrc
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'complete -o default -F __start_kubectl k'</span> >> ~/.bashrc
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">source</span> ~/.bashrc
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Zsh</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s1">'source <(kubectl completion zsh)'</span> >> ~/.zshrc
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">source</span> ~/.zshrc</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p>Теперь работает <code>k get nodes</code> и Tab-автодополнение.</p>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Финальная проверка
|
||
<div id="финальная-проверка" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%84%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b0" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Полный чеклист работоспособности кластера:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"=== Проверка K3s HA кластера ==="</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> -n <span class="s2">"1. Все ноды Ready: "</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="o">[</span> <span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get nodes --no-headers <span class="p">|</span> grep -c <span class="s2">"Ready"</span><span class="k">)</span> -eq <span class="m">5</span> <span class="o">]</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓ (5/5)"</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✗"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> -n <span class="s2">"2. Master ноды: "</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get nodes --no-headers <span class="p">|</span> grep -c <span class="s2">"control-plane"</span> <span class="p">|</span> xargs -I <span class="o">{}</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓ ({}/3)"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> -n <span class="s2">"3. Worker ноды: "</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get nodes --no-headers <span class="p">|</span> grep -c <span class="s2">"<none>"</span> <span class="p">|</span> xargs -I <span class="o">{}</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓ ({}/2)"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> -n <span class="s2">"4. etcd healthy: "</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl <span class="nb">exec</span> -n kube-system <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">$(</span>kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l <span class="nv">component</span><span class="o">=</span>etcd -o name <span class="p">|</span> head -1<span class="k">)</span> <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> -- etcdctl endpoint health --cluster 2>/dev/null <span class="p">|</span> grep -c <span class="s2">"is healthy"</span> <span class="p">|</span> xargs -I <span class="o">{}</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓ ({}/3)"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> -n <span class="s2">"5. CoreDNS Running: "</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l k8s-app<span class="o">=</span>kube-dns --no-headers <span class="p">|</span> grep -q <span class="s2">"Running"</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓"</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✗"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> -n <span class="s2">"6. Metrics Server Running: "</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l k8s-app<span class="o">=</span>metrics-server --no-headers <span class="p">|</span> grep -q <span class="s2">"Running"</span> <span class="o">&&</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✓"</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"✗"</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">""</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="nb">echo</span> <span class="s2">"=== Информация о кластере ==="</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl cluster-info</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">=== Проверка K3s HA кластера ===
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">1. Все ноды Ready: ✓ (5/5)
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">2. Master ноды: ✓ (3/3)
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">3. Worker ноды: ✓ (2/2)
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">4. etcd healthy: ✓ (3/3)
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">5. CoreDNS Running: ✓
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">6. Metrics Server Running: ✓
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">=== Информация о кластере ===
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.11.201:6443
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">CoreDNS is running at https://192.168.11.201:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns:dns/proxy
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">Metrics-server is running at https://192.168.11.201:6443/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/https:metrics-server:https/proxy</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Тестовый деплой
|
||
<div id="тестовый-деплой" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bf%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b9" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Убедимся, что кластер может запускать приложения:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 1. Создать тестовый под</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl run nginx-test --image<span class="o">=</span>nginx:alpine --port<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">80</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 2. Подождать запуска</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl <span class="nb">wait</span> --for<span class="o">=</span><span class="nv">condition</span><span class="o">=</span>Ready pod/nginx-test --timeout<span class="o">=</span>60s
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 3. Проверить на какой ноде запустился</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl get pod nginx-test -o wide</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span class="line"><span class="cl">NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">nginx-test 1/1 Running 0 30s 10.42.1.5 k3s-worker-1</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p>Под запустился на worker ноде - как и должно быть.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 4. Проверить доступность изнутри кластера</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl run -it --rm debug --image<span class="o">=</span>busybox --restart<span class="o">=</span>Never -- wget -qO- nginx-test</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Ожидаемый результат:</strong> HTML-страница nginx.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># 5. Удалить тестовые ресурсы</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl delete pod nginx-test</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Troubleshooting
|
||
<div id="troubleshooting" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#troubleshooting" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Нода не присоединяется к кластеру
|
||
<div id="нода-не-присоединяется-к-кластеру" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b0-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%81%d0%be%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%8f%d0%b5%d1%82%d1%81%d1%8f-%d0%ba-%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%83" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>Симптом:</strong> После установки нода не появляется в <code>kubectl get nodes</code>.</p>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>Причина</th>
|
||
<th>Диагностика</th>
|
||
<th>Решение</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Неправильный token</td>
|
||
<td>Логи: <code>sudo journalctl -u k3s-agent -f</code></td>
|
||
<td>Проверь token, переустанови</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Firewall блокирует</td>
|
||
<td><code>curl -k https://192.168.11.201:6443</code></td>
|
||
<td>Открой порт 6443 на masters</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>DNS не резолвит</td>
|
||
<td><code>ping k3s-master-1</code></td>
|
||
<td>Проверь /etc/hosts или DNS</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">etcd не формирует кворум
|
||
<div id="etcd-не-формирует-кворум" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#etcd-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d1%84%d0%be%d1%80%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%80%d1%83%d0%b5%d1%82-%d0%ba%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%80%d1%83%d0%bc" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>Симптом:</strong> <code>etcdctl endpoint health</code> показывает unhealthy.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Проверить членов etcd</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo k3s kubectl <span class="nb">exec</span> -n kube-system <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> <span class="k">$(</span>sudo k3s kubectl get pods -n kube-system -l <span class="nv">component</span><span class="o">=</span>etcd -o name <span class="p">|</span> head -1<span class="k">)</span> <span class="se">\
|
||
</span></span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl"> -- etcdctl member list --write-out<span class="o">=</span>table</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<table>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th>Причина</th>
|
||
<th>Диагностика</th>
|
||
<th>Решение</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Порты 2379-2380 закрыты</td>
|
||
<td><code>sudo ufw status</code></td>
|
||
<td><code>sudo ufw allow 2379:2380/tcp</code></td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>Нода недоступна по сети</td>
|
||
<td><code>ping 192.168.11.20X</code></td>
|
||
<td>Проверь сеть, UFW</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<td>etcd ещё стартует</td>
|
||
<td><code>uptime</code> на ноде</td>
|
||
<td>Подожди 2-3 минуты</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="relative group">Поды не запускаются на workers
|
||
<div id="поды-не-запускаются-на-workers" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b-%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d0%b7%d0%b0%d0%bf%d1%83%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%8e%d1%82%d1%81%d1%8f-%d0%bd%d0%b0-workers" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<p><strong>Симптом:</strong> Все поды на master нодах, workers пустые.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Проверить taints</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl describe node k3s-worker-1 <span class="p">|</span> grep Taints</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p>Если есть taints - убрать:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">kubectl taint nodes k3s-worker-1 node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoSchedule-</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Откат: удаление K3s
|
||
<div id="откат-удаление-k3s" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%82-%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-k3s" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Если нужно начать заново:</p>
|
||
<p><strong>На master ноде:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo /usr/local/bin/k3s-uninstall.sh</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>На worker ноде:</strong></p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo /usr/local/bin/k3s-agent-uninstall.sh</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<p><strong>Что удаляется:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Бинарники K3s</li>
|
||
<li>Systemd сервисы</li>
|
||
<li>Данные из <code>/var/lib/rancher/k3s/</code></li>
|
||
<li>etcd данные (на masters)</li>
|
||
<li>Контейнеры и образы</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>⚠️ Внимание:</strong> etcd снапшоты тоже удаляются. Если нужен бэкап:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-wrapper"><div class="highlight"><pre tabindex="0" class="chroma"><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span class="line"><span class="cl"><span class="c1"># Перед удалением - сохранить снапшоты</span>
|
||
</span></span><span class="line"><span class="cl">sudo cp -r /var/lib/rancher/k3s/server/db/snapshots/ ~/k3s-backup/</span></span></code></pre></div></div>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Итог
|
||
<div id="итог" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b3" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p><strong>Что сделано:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>✅ Сгенерирован token для кластера</li>
|
||
<li>✅ Установлен K3s на 3 master ноды с embedded etcd</li>
|
||
<li>✅ Добавлены 2 worker ноды</li>
|
||
<li>✅ Настроен kubectl на локальной машине</li>
|
||
<li>✅ Проверена работоспособность кластера</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Что имеем:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>HA Control Plane - выдерживает падение 1 master ноды</li>
|
||
<li>2 worker ноды для приложений</li>
|
||
<li>kubectl доступ с локальной машины</li>
|
||
<li>Встроенные компоненты: CoreDNS, metrics-server, local-path storage</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p><strong>Что ещё не настроено</strong> (следующие статьи):</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>LoadBalancer (MetalLB) - для доступа к сервисам извне</li>
|
||
<li>Ingress Controller (Traefik) - для HTTP/HTTPS routing</li>
|
||
<li>SSL сертификаты (cert-manager) - для автоматического HTTPS</li>
|
||
<li>Мониторинг (Prometheus/Grafana) - для наблюдения за кластером</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<hr>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="relative group">Что дальше
|
||
<div id="что-дальше" class="anchor"></div>
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none">
|
||
<a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href="#%d1%87%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%b4%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%8c%d1%88%d0%b5" aria-label="Якорь">#</a>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
<p>Кластер готов, но пока он изолирован от внешнего мира. Чтобы запускать реальные приложения с доступом извне, нужны:</p>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li><strong>MetalLB</strong> - выдаёт IP-адреса для LoadBalancer сервисов</li>
|
||
<li><strong>Traefik</strong> - маршрутизирует HTTP/HTTPS трафик</li>
|
||
<li><strong>cert-manager</strong> - автоматически получает SSL сертификаты</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>Это темы для следующей серии статей.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>А пока можно:</strong></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Поэкспериментировать с kubectl</li>
|
||
<li>Задеплоить тестовые приложения</li>
|
||
<li>Изучить как работает scheduling между нодами</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<details class="mt-2 mb-5 overflow-hidden rounded-lg ms-0 ps-5">
|
||
|
||
<summary
|
||
class="py-1 text-lg font-semibold cursor-pointer bg-primary-200 text-neutral-800 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:bg-primary-800 dark:text-neutral-100">
|
||
K3s HA кластер для homelab -
|
||
Эта статья — часть серии.
|
||
</summary>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-1 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
<a href="/posts/k3s-part1-architecture/">
|
||
Часть 1:
|
||
K3s HA для homelab: архитектура без боли
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-1 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
<a href="/posts/k3s-part2-infrastructure/">
|
||
Часть 2:
|
||
K3s HA для homelab: Готовим инфраструктуру в Proxmox
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div
|
||
class="py-1 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
Часть 3:
|
||
Ты уже здесь
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="mt-8 text-2xl font-extrabold mb-10">Статьи по теме</h2>
|
||
<section class="w-full grid gap-4 sm:grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-3">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<article
|
||
class="article-link--related relative min-h-full min-w-full overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-neutral-300 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
|
||
<div class="flex-none relative overflow-hidden thumbnail_card_related">
|
||
<img
|
||
src="/posts/k3s-part1-architecture/featured_hu_93e9342ed126d912.png"
|
||
role="presentation"
|
||
loading="lazy"
|
||
decoding="async"
|
||
fetchpriority="low"
|
||
class="not-prose absolute inset-0 w-full h-full object-cover">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="p-4">
|
||
<header>
|
||
<a
|
||
|
||
href="/posts/k3s-part1-architecture/"
|
||
|
||
class="not-prose before:absolute before:inset-0 decoration-primary-500 dark:text-neutral text-xl font-bold text-neutral-800 hover:underline hover:underline-offset-2">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
K3s HA для homelab: архитектура без боли
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="text-sm text-neutral-500 dark:text-neutral-400">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<time datetime="2025-10-14T00:00:00+00:00">14 октября 2025</time><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span title="Время чтения">8 минут</span><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
id="views_posts/k3s-part1-architecture/index.md"
|
||
class="animate-pulse inline-block text-transparent max-h-3 rounded-full -mt-[2px] align-middle bg-neutral-300 dark:bg-neutral-400"
|
||
title="views"
|
||
>loading</span
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="inline-block align-text-bottom"><span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 576 512">
|
||
<path fill="currentColor" d="M288 32c-80.8 0-145.5 36.8-192.6 80.6C48.6 156 17.3 208 2.5 243.7c-3.3 7.9-3.3 16.7 0 24.6C17.3 304 48.6 356 95.4 399.4C142.5 443.2 207.2 480 288 480s145.5-36.8 192.6-80.6c46.8-43.5 78.1-95.4 93-131.1c3.3-7.9 3.3-16.7 0-24.6c-14.9-35.7-46.2-87.7-93-131.1C433.5 68.8 368.8 32 288 32zM432 256c0 79.5-64.5 144-144 144s-144-64.5-144-144s64.5-144 144-144s144 64.5 144 144zM288 192c0 35.3-28.7 64-64 64c-11.5 0-22.3-3-31.6-8.4c-.2 2.8-.4 5.5-.4 8.4c0 53 43 96 96 96s96-43 96-96s-43-96-96-96c-2.8 0-5.6 .1-8.4 .4c5.3 9.3 8.4 20.1 8.4 31.6z"/></svg></span></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
<span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
id="likes_posts/k3s-part1-architecture/index.md"
|
||
class="animate-pulse inline-block text-transparent max-h-3 rounded-full -mt-[2px] align-middle bg-neutral-300 dark:bg-neutral-400"
|
||
title="likes"
|
||
>loading</span
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="inline-block align-text-bottom"><span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512">
|
||
<path fill="currentColor" d="M47.6 300.4L228.3 469.1c7.5 7 17.4 10.9 27.7 10.9s20.2-3.9 27.7-10.9L464.4 300.4c30.4-28.3 47.6-68 47.6-109.5v-5.8c0-69.9-50.5-129.5-119.4-141C347 36.5 300.6 51.4 268 84L256 96 244 84c-32.6-32.6-79-47.5-124.6-39.9C50.5 55.6 0 115.2 0 185.1v5.8c0 41.5 17.2 81.2 47.6 109.5z"/></svg></span></span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/kubernetes/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
Kubernetes
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/k3s/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
K3s
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/homelab/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
Homelab
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/proxmox/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
Proxmox
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/architecture/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
Architecture
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/ha/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
Ha
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a class="relative mt-[0.5rem] me-2" href="/tags/devops/">
|
||
<span class="flex cursor-pointer">
|
||
<span
|
||
class="rounded-md border border-primary-400 px-1 py-[1px] text-xs font-normal text-primary-700 dark:border-primary-600 dark:text-primary-400">
|
||
Devops
|
||
</span>
|
||
</span>
|
||
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="px-6 pt-4 pb-2"></div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<article
|
||
class="article-link--related relative min-h-full min-w-full overflow-hidden rounded-lg border border-neutral-300 dark:border-neutral-600">
|
||
|
||
<div class="flex-none relative overflow-hidden thumbnail_card_related">
|
||
<img
|
||
src="/posts/k3s-part2-infrastructure/featured_hu_fa55fce8dafb1970.png"
|
||
role="presentation"
|
||
loading="lazy"
|
||
decoding="async"
|
||
fetchpriority="low"
|
||
class="not-prose absolute inset-0 w-full h-full object-cover">
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="p-4">
|
||
<header>
|
||
<a
|
||
|
||
href="/posts/k3s-part2-infrastructure/"
|
||
|
||
class="not-prose before:absolute before:inset-0 decoration-primary-500 dark:text-neutral text-xl font-bold text-neutral-800 hover:underline hover:underline-offset-2">
|
||
<h2>
|
||
K3s HA для homelab: Готовим инфраструктуру в Proxmox
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="text-sm text-neutral-500 dark:text-neutral-400">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<time datetime="2025-10-21T00:00:00+00:00">21 октября 2025</time><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span title="Время чтения">10 минут</span><span class="px-2 text-primary-500">·</span><span>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<span
|
||
id="views_posts/k3s-part2-infrastructure/index.md"
|
||
class="animate-pulse inline-block text-transparent max-h-3 rounded-full -mt-[2px] align-middle bg-neutral-300 dark:bg-neutral-400"
|
||
title="views"
|
||
>loading</span
|
||
>
|
||
<span class="inline-block align-text-bottom"><span class="relative block icon"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 576 512">
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<span class="inline-block rtl:rotate-180">←</span> K3s HA для homelab: Готовим инфраструктуру в Proxmox
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©
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2026
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Олег Казанин
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